Advanced Critical Learning

Question: Discuss the advanced critical learning? Answer: From the case, it is found that Deno, Tisdale, Adams, Fairley and Dickerson are the four workers at the Waffle House Restaurant in Grand Bay, Alabama. An expected customer of this restaurant was Seward and she used to buy lottery tickets from Florida. He used to distribute the lottery tickets to the friends and family. A drawing for Florida lottery was programmed on 6th March 1999 and he arrived Florida before one week of the drawing. On the eve of the drawing, Seward gave three employees of Waffle House Restaurant the lottery ticket and unfortunately, none of them won. After the day of drawing, Seward gave Dickerson and other staff a ticket and dogged that that the figures of her voucher harmonized with the winning number. The ticket won a price of approximately $5 million. Therefore, the other employees who did not win the lottery price litigated Dickerson stating that they and Dickerson had oral contract with four of them and indicated that one of them must win and the conqueror must share the price with the other voucher participants. Therefore, it can be said that all of them were engaged in gambling. An Alabama decree states that all the contact details founded in whole or in a part on betting contemplation are invalid. The immediate reaction of the co-employees says that all of them were engaged in gambling and this avoids the Alabama statute. Therefore, it can be said that Dickerson must neither take part in gambling nor not encourage any of the co-employees, as this violates the statute of Alabama.

Stress Management at the Workplace Essay Example For Students

Stress Management at the Workplace Essay Stress Management in the Workplace Table of contents Page Abstract3 Definition of stress management4 Two advantages of stress management5 6 Positive impacts on the organization5 Positive effects on lifestyle and health behavior6 Two limitations of stress management6 -8 Role of supervisors and management6 7 Individual differences in stress response7 8 The role of the Human Resource Manager towards stress management8 9 Conclusion9 10 References11 12 Abstract Organizations are constantly undergoing change through new demands, changing technology, demographic changes and increased competition. Due to the increase in workload, psychological problems related to occupational stress have increased rapidly in Western countries (van der Klink, Roland, Blonk, 2001). More than ever before, job stress has become a hazard to the health of employees and in turn the health of organizations (Sauter, Hurrell, Scharf, Sinclair, 2003). The purpose of this research paper is to illustrate the overall importance of stress management in the workplace. The research paper will start by giving a definition of the term stress management. After that, it will illustrate advantages and limitations of occupational stress management. We will write a custom essay on Stress Management at the Workplace specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Finally, the third point will cover the role of a Human Resource Manager in the field of stress management. Definition First of all, several definitions of stress management will be illustrated in order to provide a clearer understanding of the term. According to the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (2008), stress management can be defined as follows: â€Å"A set of techniques used to help an individual cope more effectively with difficult situations in order to feel better emotionally, improve behavioral skills, and often to enhance feelings of control† (NHLB, 2003) . Ivancevich, Matteson, Freedman, and Philips (1990), describe stress management intervention as any activity or program initiated by an organization aimed to reduce the presence of work-related stressors or to assist individuals in minimizing the negative outcomes of these stressors (Ivancevich, Matteson, Freedman, Philips, 1990, as cited in Richardson Rothstein, 2008). According to Cotton (1990), stress management is concerned with identifying and analyzing problems that are related to stress, and applying a variety of therapeutic techniques to change either the source of stress or the experience of stress. Stress management educates the worker about the nature and sources of stress, the effects of stress on health, and personal skills in order to reduce stress (Sauter, Hurrell, Scharf, Sinclair, 2003). Stress management techniques consist of organizational or individual techniques (D. Schultz S. Schultz, 2002). Organizational techniques include emotional climate control, social support, redefinition of employee roles, and elimination of work overload and work underload. Individual techniques comprise physical exercise, time-management, relaxation exercises, assertiveness training, biofeedback and behavior modification (D. Schultz S. Schultz, 2002). The main objective of stress management is to help the employee to function at an optimal level (Cotton, 1990) by improving the ability of the workers to cope with difficult work situations (NIOSH, 2003 Two advantages of stress management Positive impacts on the organization The following paragraph will highlight the beneficial effects of occupational stress management on organizational success. Research has shown that occupational stress management has several positive impacts on employee’s stress response, and therefore contributes to organizational success (Kohler Munz, 2006). Stress can be considered as costly to organizations because high stress is related to a decrease in job satisfaction, lower productivity, reduced motivation, increased errors, accidents, counterproductive behavior, and decline in turnover (D. Schultz S. Schultz, 2002). Research by Kohler and Munz (2006) indicated that a comprehensive stress management program improves the well-being of employees and contributes to organizational effectiveness. Employees who are satisfied with their job are more productive, show pro-social behavior, and have a lower absenteeism and lower turnover rate (D. Schultz S. Schultz, 2002). A meta-analysis by Richardson and Rothstein (2008) proved that cognitive-behavioral stress interventions helped workers to promote successful responses to stress. Murphy and Sorensen (1988) studied the impact of relaxation training and biofeedback on absenteeism rate, and found a decrease of absenteeism in the following year (Reynolds Brinner, 1994). Another meta-analysis of 37 studies involving 1,837 participants showed that stress-inoculation techniques significantly reduced anxiety and enhanced job performance (Saunders, Driskell, Johnston, Salas, as cited in D. Schultz S. Schultz, 2002). To sum up, stress management can contribute to the organizational success by improving the well-being of an employee, enhancing the coping mechanism, reducing absenteeism, and improving job performance. Positive effects on lifestyle and health behavior The second advantage of stress management programs is its beneficial effects to the lifestyle and health behaviors of workers. Stress can be considered as a major health problem in today’s society (Yates, 1979). Stress is linked to physical problems like high blood pressure, heart disease, headaches, and can also cause long-term psychological effects (D. Schultz S. Schultz, 2002). .ue9c9f27eb957bc587907ba22979681e7 , .ue9c9f27eb957bc587907ba22979681e7 .postImageUrl , .ue9c9f27eb957bc587907ba22979681e7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue9c9f27eb957bc587907ba22979681e7 , .ue9c9f27eb957bc587907ba22979681e7:hover , .ue9c9f27eb957bc587907ba22979681e7:visited , .ue9c9f27eb957bc587907ba22979681e7:active { border:0!important; } .ue9c9f27eb957bc587907ba22979681e7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue9c9f27eb957bc587907ba22979681e7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue9c9f27eb957bc587907ba22979681e7:active , .ue9c9f27eb957bc587907ba22979681e7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue9c9f27eb957bc587907ba22979681e7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue9c9f27eb957bc587907ba22979681e7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue9c9f27eb957bc587907ba22979681e7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue9c9f27eb957bc587907ba22979681e7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue9c9f27eb957bc587907ba22979681e7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue9c9f27eb957bc587907ba22979681e7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue9c9f27eb957bc587907ba22979681e7 .ue9c9f27eb957bc587907ba22979681e7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue9c9f27eb957bc587907ba22979681e7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Karate vs Taekwondo: Similarities and Differences EssayTherefore, stress should be seen as both a health and safety hazard since it affects the worker’s health negatively (CUPE, 2003). Research indicates that stress management leads to a stressor reduction and improves individual well-being (Kohler Munz, 2006). A study analyzing the effects of two stress-reduction interventions on physically inactive employees showed that physical exercise improved the feeling of well-being and decreased muscle pain. In addition, stress management training lead to improved coping ability and had positive effects on lifestyle and health behavior (Gronningter, Hytten, Skauli, Christ ensen, 1992). Two limitations of stress management Role of supervisors and management In the following paragraph, two limitations of stress management in the workplace will be illustrated. The management of an organization can contribute in two ways to the failure of occupational stress management. Firstly, a difficulty for implementing a stress management program can be the lack of superior support. According to Kohler and Munz (2006), the top management support is essential to the success of a stress management program. Support of superiors towards stress management programs create awareness of the needs and provide a long-term viability (Kohler Munz, 2006). A lack of superior acceptation might cause the stress management intervention to fail (Kohler Munz, 2006). In summary, supervisor’s attitudes towards these programs play an important role and can influence the effectiveness of occupational programs and trainings (D. Schultz S. Schultz, 2002). The second limitation of a successful stress management program can be caused by the leadership itself. A survey in the UK in 2001 showed that workers ranked bad management as a leading cause of stress (CUPE, 2003). â€Å"In 1997, 75% of American workers believed that the worst thing about their jobs and the greatest single cause of stress, is their boss† (Galant, 2000, as cited in D. Schultz S. Schultz, 2002, p. 193). In contrast to that, â€Å"research involving 543 German workers found that social support offered by supervisors reduced the symptoms of depression that resulted from social stressors on the job†(Dormann Zapf, 1999, as cited in D. Schultz S. Schultz, 2002, p. 357). An additional study of 90 German workers showed that social support given by supervisors leads to significantly reduced physical and psychological effects (Frese, 1999, as cited in D. Schultz S. Schultz, 2002). According to the Canadian Union of Public Employees (2003), factors such as bad management style can be seen as leading causes of stress and therefore contribute to the failure of occupational stress management. Individual differences in stress response The following paragraph will focus on the individual differences of workers as a contribution to the failure of occupational stress management. Stress management programs might not have the same effects on all participants because of individual differences in a person’s stress response, such as the ability to cope in difficult situations. Research showed that differences in stress responses can be influenced by certain personality factors, such as a Type A personality, a person’s self-efficacy and locus of control (D. Schultz S. Schultz, 2002). In 1950, Meyer Friedman, an American cardiologist, defined two types of personalities linked to different stress tolerance levels (Friedman, 1996). According to Friedman, the Type A personality can be described as highly competitive, ambitious, and aggressive with a constant sense of time urgency (D. Schultz S. Schultz, 2002). In contrast to that, the Type B personality experiences fewer stress effects (D. Schultz S. Schultz, 2002). This comparison shows that internal factors might influence the success of occupational stress management. A second individual difference in a person’s ability to cope stress situations is the level of self-efficacy, which refers to the belief of one’s ability to achieve a task (D. Schultz S. Schultz, 2002). A study of 226 U. S. bank tellers showed that the most important factor in stress tolerance was self-efficacy (Schaubroeck, Lam, Kie, 2000, as cited in D. Schultz S. Schultz, 2002). Bank tellers who were high in self-efficacy were more resistant to psychological stress. An additional study provides evidence of individual differences in stress response. Managers who had a high level of internal control, which means they believe that job performance is under their control, were significantly less affected by stress than those who had a high level in external control (Daniels Guppy, 1994, as cited in D. Schultz S. Schultz, 2002). This leads to the assumption that even the best stress management program might affect certain individuals in a different way and therefore demonstrates a limitation of occupational stress management. The role of the Human Resource Manager towards stress management The following paragraph, will demonstrate the role of a Human Resource Manager towards occupational stress management. A Human Resource Manager (HRM) can contribute with his or her work to the decrease of work-related stressors and therefore to the overall success of stress management in the work place. Successful stress management can start with the prevention of stress during the recruitment process. By finding the right person for a specific job, the HRM can avoid stress for the individual and for the organization (D. Schultz S. Schultz, 2002). Therefore, defining a realistic job preview and using validated tests in order to select the right person can contribute to a lower level of stress for all people involved. â€Å"Research supports that realistic job previews correlate positively with job satisfaction, job performance, and reduced turnover† (D. Schultz S. .u9a1ff97d3ea27d71f39618ea2d8b3e5d , .u9a1ff97d3ea27d71f39618ea2d8b3e5d .postImageUrl , .u9a1ff97d3ea27d71f39618ea2d8b3e5d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9a1ff97d3ea27d71f39618ea2d8b3e5d , .u9a1ff97d3ea27d71f39618ea2d8b3e5d:hover , .u9a1ff97d3ea27d71f39618ea2d8b3e5d:visited , .u9a1ff97d3ea27d71f39618ea2d8b3e5d:active { border:0!important; } .u9a1ff97d3ea27d71f39618ea2d8b3e5d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9a1ff97d3ea27d71f39618ea2d8b3e5d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9a1ff97d3ea27d71f39618ea2d8b3e5d:active , .u9a1ff97d3ea27d71f39618ea2d8b3e5d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9a1ff97d3ea27d71f39618ea2d8b3e5d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9a1ff97d3ea27d71f39618ea2d8b3e5d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9a1ff97d3ea27d71f39618ea2d8b3e5d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9a1ff97d3ea27d71f39618ea2d8b3e5d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9a1ff97d3ea27d71f39618ea2d8b3e5d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9a1ff97d3ea27d71f39618ea2d8b3e5d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9a1ff97d3ea27d71f39618ea2d8b3e5d .u9a1ff97d3ea27d71f39618ea2d8b3e5d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9a1ff97d3ea27d71f39618ea2d8b3e5d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Internship at Health Promotion Board EssaySchultz, 2002, p. 66). By defining detailed job guidelines, the HRM can avoid role ambiguity and role conflicts, which are to be found as a great source of stress (D. Schultz S. Schultz, 2002). By working together with the management of an organization and enriching, enlarging, and expanding job tasks, the HRM is able to provide greater responsibility and decision-making authority, which reduces work related stress (D. Schultz S. Schultz, 2002). The HRM can contribute to the avoidance of qualitative or quantitative work overload and underload which therefore reduces stress. Preparing employees for necessary changes, training them, and providing the necessary support can be an additional role of a HRM (D. Schultz S. Schultz, 2002). A HRM can be responsible for giving stress management training sessions, implementing stress management interventions, and selecting training institutions, according to scientist guidelines. Moreover, a HRM can train the supervisors in empathy and concern for subordinates and thereby increasing social support, which can reduce personal vulnerability to stress effects (D. Schultz S. Schultz, 2002). Conclusion In view of a changing environment, organizations are facing new challenges. According to the main principle, â€Å"If you do not go forwards, you go backwards† (Sauter, Hurrell, Scharf, Sinclair, 2003, p. 1), the nature of work is changing frequently. Due to the increase in workload, psychological problems related to occupational stress have increased rapidly in Western countries (van der Klink, Roland, Blonk, 2001). Therefore, the value of stress management might become more important. Further research is needed in order to develop this topic and to evaluate the different stress management interventions. Therefore, this field might offer various possibilities and challenges to Human Resource Manager. To sum up, these are the main ideas of this research paper: on the one hand, stress management can contribute to the organizational success and has the potential to improve the lifestyle and health behavior of employees. On the other hand, there are individual differences in the personalities of employees who influence and can limit the success of stress management in the workplace. In addition to that, the management might either promote the success or inhibit it by a lack of support. In view of the positive effects of stress management on organizational success and individual wellbeing, it is recommended that stress management should be an organizational interest. References Canadian Union of Public Employees (CUPE). (2003). Health and Safety Guidelines – Enough Workplace Stress: Organizing for change. Ottawa: Health and Safety Branch. Retrieved November 11, 2008, from http://cupe. ca/updir/stress_guideline. pdf Cotton, D. H. G. (1990). Stress Management An Integrated Approach to Therapy. New York: Brunner/Mazel, INC. Friedman, M. (1996). Type A Behavior: Its Diagnosis and Treatment. Voume1. New York: Plenum Press. Gronningter, H. , Hytten, K. , Skauli, G. , Christensen, C. , Ursin, H. (1992). Improved Health and Coping by Physical Exercise or Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management Training in a work environment. Psychology Health, Volume 7, 147-163. Retrieved November 12, 2008, from EBSCOhost database. Ivancevich, J. M. ; Matteson, M. T. ; Freedman, S. M. ; Phillips, J. S. (1990). Worksite stress management interventions. American Psychologist, Volume 45(2), 252-261. Retrieved November 11, 2008, from EBSCOhost Database. Kohler, J. M. ; Munz, D. C. (2006). Combining Individuals and Organizational Stress Interventions. Consulting Psychology Journal, Volume 58, pages 1-12. Retrieved on November 11, 2008, from EBSCOhost Database. Reynolds, S. ; Brinner, R. (1994). Stress Management at Work: With Whom, for Whom and to What End? British Journal of guidance Counselling, Volume 22, pages 15-75. Source 5. Retrieved on November 11, 2008, from EBSCOhost Database Richardson, K. M. , Rothstein, H. R. (2008). Effects of occupational stress management intervention programs: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, Volume 13, pages 69-93. Retrieved on November 11, 2008, from EBSCOhost Database Sauter, S. , Hurrell, J. , Scharf, F. , Sinclair, R. , Grubb, P. , Goldenhar, L. , Alterman, T. , Johnston, J. , Hamilton, A. , Tisdale, J. (2003). Stress at work. Cincinnati: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Retrieved November 10, 2008 from http://www. cdc. gov/niosh/pdfs/stress. pdf Schultz, D, Schultz, S. E. (2002). Psychology Work Today. (8th Ed. ). New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. (2003). Appendix VIII. Glossary of terms. Bethesda, MD: Institute of Health. Retrieved November 10, 2008, from http://www. nhlbi. nih. gov/guidelines/obesity/e_txtbk/appndx/apndx8. htm Yates, J. E. (1979). Managing stress. New York: A division of American Management Association.

The Scientific Method

The Scientific Method The Scientific Method is a way to document the results of an experiment. It isthe proper or correct way to write a formal scientific paper. It is really important that iftwo different people on opposite sides of the world both do the same experiment,they need to have a universal way of writing their research. That is why the ScientificMethod is so important. People need to be able to easily reference certain points inother's research without having to search they whole paper for it, some of thosepapers can be pretty long.The Scientific Method was created by some guy along time ago. I'm not sure ofhis name because I couldn't find it in my notes. It might have been DaVinci becausehe was "A smart dude." There is also a good chance that it was Pythagoras, he wasalso "A smart dude.‚" I do know that it was created a long time ago, because manypeople have used it for quite a long time.English: Pantothenic acid 3D structureThere was a total of 9 calories per gram of fat, 4 calories per g ram of carbohydrates and 4 calories per gram of proteins.3. The total calorie count was 508kcal for the serving of 7 that I chose previously.4. Some of the most common vitamins and minerals in this food item were 722mg of Sodium (Na), 472mg of Potassium (K), 458mg of Phosphorus (P) and 141mg of Calcium (Ca); 6.447mg of Niacin, 3.1 mg of Vitamin C, 0.735mg of Pantothenic acid, 0.286mg of Riboflavin, 0.271mg of Thiamin, although there were many more components contained in this particular item and will be discussed further along.5. Other important nutritional components of this food item were a significant amount of another important vitamin which was 15% Iron. Iron is helpful because it creates...

Humanitys Greatest Achievements Made Possible by Engineers Essays

Humanitys Greatest Achievements Made Possible by Engineers Essays Humanitys Greatest Achievements Made Possible by Engineers Essay Humanitys Greatest Achievements Made Possible by Engineers Essay effective performance in an activity or range of activities. Its purpose, in the work situation, is to enable an individual to acquire abilities or competencies in order that he or she can perform adequately a given task or Job. The first step in any training program is to determine whether training is needed and, if needed, specify what training should be accomplished. An analysis of the existing needs for training within an organization will identify the performance areas or programs where training should be applied. A needs analysis gathers information about present practices and compares these practices to the desired way of doing business. The difference between where you are now and where you want to be defines where a training program should concentrate its effort. (Mitchell, 1993) This is true for educators. According to the Graduand Teacher Competencies Framework (GTCF), to develop competence, teachers need to progress from awareness to capacity building. The GTCF can help teachers identify the competencies they need and continue to build n them throughout their teaching career, through practice and professional development. Some practical ways of bringing up awareness-level competencies to capacity building would be through induction and mentoring within the school, professional development courses, or learning with more experienced teachers through professional learning communities. (Goh, 2009) But what are the competencies educators need? According to Low, et. al. (2009), 21st century educators should possess the following core competencies: professional ractice, leadership and management, and personal effectiveness. A teacher who has Professional Practice seizes every opportunity to encourage learning, believing that all students can learn. And learning is not limited to the classroom. To this end, the teacher takes every opportunity to improve on his or her own professional practice, in order to provide quality learning. A teacher who possesses Leadership and Management is a leader who wins the hearts and minds of the students. Such a teacher sees the value in developing and working with others, including parents and olleagues, and actively seeks out opportunities for professional collaboration within and beyond the school. A teacher who has Personal Effectiveness understands the importance of developing oneself before he or she is able to provide support for others. A teacher maintains high standards of personal and professional integrity when carrying out all duties and responsibilities. Moreover, according to Santopoalo (2008), there are 10 Core Competencies that constitute the body of knowledge adjunct faculty need to function effectively as educators in higher ducation settings. These core competencies were designed to address the general population of adjunct faculty regardless of the discipline they teach; the level of their students; or the setting where learning occurs. These core competencies are: 1 . Maintain current knowledge needed to teach ones subject matter. 2. Construct course content aligning objectives, methodology, and evaluation that supports the learning objectives of the higher education setting. 3. Manage the learning environment with a student-centered focus. 4. Employ appropriate teaching strategies that actively engage students and achieve desired outcomes. . Adapt teaching style to accommodate different student learning styles. 6. Interact effectively with a diverse student population. student feedback in a manner that supports learning. 9. Select and implement appropriate assessment methods to evaluate student learning. 10. Apply assessment results to improve teaching effectiveness. The competencies needed by educators should be devel oped. The Faculty Development Program is a critical factor towards uilding the strong foundation of an educational system to ensure quality education (www. hed. gov. ph). Recent research on professional development opportunities reveals the importance of quality professional development. Teachers should work together to design and implement professional development based on shared concerns and strengths. Promising professional development programs are evaluated ultimately on the basis of their impact on teacher effectiveness and student learning, and this assessment guides subsequent professional development efforts. (www. ed. gov)

Shift from Service-Oriented to Outcome Oriented Healthcare Coursework

Shift from Service-Oriented to Outcome Oriented Healthcare - Coursework Example This coursework discusses the literature review for the future study as well as describes it's problem statement. This research, that the researcher aims to study will respond to two questions that related to the efficiency of health care service provision in the US. First, the research will answer the question on what are the impacts on shifting from service oriented to outcome-oriented approach, and secondly, on what are the best strategies that will facilitate this shift in healthcare service management. The managements that are used today within health facilities are entangled in a battle as they evaluate the best possible approach to improve the quality and quantity of healthcare within the organizations. However, it is clear for the researcher that a wide range of organizations have focused primary on increasing their service delivery while ignoring the outcomes that such strategies achieve. In view of this problem, the researcher presents opinions written by a number of schola rs who have pointed out that measuring services is an inefficient way of assessing healthcare achievements. Essentially, there is need to move towards outcome-oriented healthcare systems to ensure that organizations can be credit their performance on their achievements rather than the services they offer. In addition, the researcher also states that there is evidence that the health outcomes within majority of the US health facilities are dissatisfying. Quality service has yet to be achieved and access to health is still an issue of concern.

Girl Before Mirror by Pablo Picasso Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Girl Before Mirror by Pablo Picasso - Assignment Example Attention is mainly drawn towards the face of the girl in the painting which is a natural focal point. This is emphasized through painting one half yellow and surrounding the head with an oval of white and green that separates it from the rest of the busy pattern in the background while providing adequate visual weight that creates equilibrium in the form of the mirror. The proportions are also modified in such a manner that makes the facial attributes of the girl occupy the whole space of her head. Her head that is depicted as having yellowish hair and her half-yellow expression is portrayed as the lightest part of the picture as it is the main light source. Attention is drawn to the body that has been divided in a vertical manner, through the use of cool and pale hues that are started by darkened shapes and lines. The left half is dressed in a stripped garment, possibly a bathing suit, while the right side is bare. The manner in which the stomach is swollen suggests an element of c hildbearing as well as renewal of life. Her biology is stressed in the image that appears in the mirror as her belly is reflected in a confident manner. Attention is attracted to this part of the painting through a rapid shift in value as since the rest of the mirror image is darkened, the breasts and the belly are lighter. The painting, which is vertically oriented and standing at more than five feet, depicts the image of a girl and her reflection occupying almost the whole working area. The girl in the painting is not scale down.

Fast Food and Obesity Essay Example for Free

Fast Food and Obesity Essay Now a days, fast food is becoming a cheap and yet a popular way for people who are too busy to cook. But the cheap price of the fast food is nothing in comparison to the true price that these people are paying. Every 4 out of 10 adults in the USA will become obese in the next 5 years if they keep eating this food the way they are. Eating fast food like this is causing major health risks. Since this food is so cheap, it makes it convenient for people to go out and get food instead of staying home to cook. In addition, fast food companies are trying to target kids. If the companies get to the kids at a young age, they will get hooked on the food. Because of all this, people need to stop eating fast food before it gets out of hand. This fast food world has spread tremendously around the globe, and obesity has shortly followed. In addition to this it has also brought heart disease, arthritis, diabetes and many other types of illnesses. Fast food isn’t only making people fatter, but its also increasing people’s chances of obtaining type two diabetes. People’s muscles and fat cells that have type two diabetes lose the ability to take in a sugar called glucose from their blood. The glucose builds up and reaches very high levels and because of this they get damage to the eyes, neuropath (loss of feeling), kidney disease and heart disease. Most of the people who have type two diabetes are obese or overweight. A long-term study between the link of fast food, obesity and diabetes were tested. It compared the people who would eat fast food at least twice a week to the people who ate it less than once a week. The results showed that the people who are more fast food gained about 10 pounds more then the people who are it less than once a week over a fifteen-year period. Eating fast food can cause many diseases such as Hypertension, Heart Disease, Cancer, Gall Bladder Disease and E. coli, which is one of the worst forms of food poisoning. E. Coli is spread through undercooked burgers and it is very difficult to cure. 4 % of the people who have this poison develop hemolytic uremic syndrome and close to 5 % of the kids who develop this die. E. Coli is now becoming the major reason for renal failure for American kids. People would rather spend their money on a cheap burger that tastes good compared to a burger that tastes just as good for six times the price. The great thing about fast food is that over these many years their products taste hasn’t changed. â€Å"The whole experience of buying fast food, has become so routine, so thoroughly unexceptional and mundane, that it is now taken for granted, like brushing your teeth or stopping for a red light.† Says Eric Schlosser, author of Fast Food Nation. Millions of people a day are buying fast food because it’s so convenient to get to. Today’s economy is also dropping and because of this going out to buy fast food has become easier to feed people’s families. Instead of a family going out to a restaurant to feed the family for 60 dollars, they can go to a fast food restaurant and spend about one third of that. These fast food restaurants are making a lot of money off this cheap food With the money they make, they spend some of it for advertising to grab people’s attention Since most kids watch TV they are the ones that are affected most by this McDonald’s spends billions of dollars on advertising each year. Most of the kids know Ronald McDonald more than they do their own president. Just about 30% of all children each day eat fast food according to a Harvard study. This is part of the reason why America is the fattest country in the world. According to Alan Green, on average, kids who eat fast food gain an extra 6 pounds in weight each year. â€Å" The numbers, though alarming, are not surprising since billions of dollars are spend each year on fast-food advertising directed at kids, â€Å" said lead author Dr. David Ludwig, director of the obesity program at children’s Hospital Boston. Borzekowski says that most people prefer the branded fries compared to unbranded fries and the same results were found about branded chicken nuggets and non-branded chicken nuggets. â€Å" Its no surprise that branding works,† says Borzekowski. In another test done by Borzekowski, they took two burgers from McDonalds and put one in a non branded wrapper, Borzekowski had the kids try both and astonishingly most kids tasted a difference in the two burgers. The majority of the preferred the McDonalds wrapped burger. McDonalds also finds ways of getting to the kids, because in Seminole County, the kids are rewarded with Happy Meals if the have a nearly perfect attendance or it they do well on their report cards. In fact, Stuart Elliot of the New York Times says that the Florida schools are â€Å"using children’s report cards to help stimulate sales { at McDonalds }.† Kids can get a number of Happy meal choices such as four chicken McNuggets, a Hamburger and small fries or a cheeseburger with apple dippers. These kids are being rewarded with fast food, which is part of the reason that they are becoming obese.